### Lesson Plan: National Values Education
#### Grade Level: Primary 4
#### Topic: **Causes of Road Accidents + Causes of Ethnicity + Emergency Phone Numbers in Nigeria**
#### Duration: 60 Minutes
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### Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. Identify and explain the causes of road accidents.
2. Recognize the causes of ethnicity and its impacts.
3. Know the key emergency phone numbers in Nigeria and their importance.
### Materials Needed:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Chart paper and colored pens
- Flashcards with emergency phone numbers
- Video clips (if available)
- Printed handouts with key points
- Pictures/illustrations relating to road accidents and cultural diversity
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### Lesson Outline:
#### Introduction (10 Minutes)
1. **Greetings and Warm-Up Activity**:
- Begin with a simple interactive activity like “Stand Up, Sit Down”.
- Ask students questions like “Who has ever been in a car?”, “Who knows what ethnicity means?”, and “What do we do in an emergency?”
2. **Set the Context**:
- Explain that today’s lesson will focus on understanding road safety, the importance of peace among different ethnic groups, and knowing the right numbers to call in emergencies.
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### Instruction (20 Minutes)
#### Segment 1: Causes of Road Accidents (10 Minutes)
1. **Interactive Discussion**:
- Ask students what they think causes road accidents.
- Write their answers on the board.
2. **Explanation and Visuals**:
- Present common causes of road accidents (e.g., overspeeding, not following traffic signals, distracted driving, poor road conditions, etc.) using pictures/illustrations.
- Show a short video clip (if available) on road safety.
3. **Group Activity**:
- Divide the class into small groups.
- Each group creates a poster showing one cause of road accidents and how to prevent it.
- Display posters around the classroom.
#### Segment 2: Causes of Ethnicity (5 Minutes)
1. **Understanding Ethnicity**:
- Explain what ethnicity means in simple terms (e.g., different groups of people with their own culture, language, and traditions).
- Use pictures or examples (different attires, foods, languages).
2. **Discussion**:
- Highlight how ethnicity is positive but can cause problems when it leads to discrimination or conflicts.
- Discuss with students what they think causes ethnicity-related problems (e.g., lack of understanding, prejudice, misinformation).
#### Segment 3: Emergency Phone Numbers in Nigeria (5 Minutes)
1. **Introduction**:
- Ask students if they know any emergency phone numbers.
2. **Presentation**:
- Teach key emergency numbers in Nigeria:
- 112 - General Emergency Number
- 122 - Road Safety Emergency Number
- 199 - Fire Service
- 767 - Lagos Emergency Number
3. **Role-Playing**:
- Let students role-play calling the emergency numbers, describing their emergencies slowly and clearly.
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### Practice and Assessment (20 Minutes)
1. **Worksheets**:
- Hand out worksheets with short activities on identifying causes of road accidents, recognizing scenarios of ethnic unity or conflict, and matching emergencies with the correct phone numbers.
2. **Class Discussion**:
- Review answers on the worksheets.
- Encourage students to share personal experiences or stories related to the topics.
3. **Quiz Game**:
- Play a simple quiz game where students are divided into two teams.
- Ask quick questions related to the lesson to see how well they’ve grasped the concepts.
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### Conclusion (5 Minutes)
1. **Recap**:
- Summarize the key points of the lesson:
- Main causes of road accidents and how to avoid them.
- Causes and impacts of ethnicity.
- Importance and correct use of emergency phone numbers in Nigeria.
2. **Q&A**:
- Allow students to ask any remaining questions.
3. **Homework Assignment**:
- Assign students to create a small booklet at home titled "Safety First" containing tips on road safety, ways to celebrate cultural diversity, and emergency phone numbers.
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### Reflection:
- Reflect on the engagement and understanding of the students.
- Note any areas that may need additional reinforcement in follow-up lessons.
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**Teacher’s Notes:**
- Adapt the lesson pace according to the class's responses.
- Be sensitive to the diverse backgrounds and experiences of students.